The eNotes Blog Reading Round-Up August

Reading Round-Up August We asked everyone in the office to talk about their favorite books from last month. Take a look at our favorite reads from August, and let us know in the comments which books you’ll be adding to your to-read list. From poetry to nonfiction, there’s something for everyone here! The Book of Lost Things by John Connolly Page count: 339 Genre: Fantasy Publish date: 2006 Once upon a time- for that is how all stories should begin- there was a boy who lost his mother. My partner purchased The Book of Lost Things on a whim based solely on the cover art, and I cracked open the novel with about as much preparation for what lay within. Though protagonist David’s story is told in somewhat straightforward language, taking inspiration from the fantasy tales David so adores, the story itself is not an easy one. One night, David enters a fantasy realm a few shades darker than the world of the stories he’s loved his whole life.   Connolly’s novel tackles some seriously adult themes in a world disturbed by fear and hatred, and I felt fortunate to bear witness to David (once a spoiled child I very much disliked) as he grows into a selfless and courageous young man. If you’re looking for a touching tale about growing up, look no further- but be wary, because it tackles some very disturbing themes. - Kate, Marketing Coordinator Hard Times by Charles Dickens Page count: 288 Genre: Classic; fiction Publish date: 1854 â€Å"Now, what I want is, Facts.† Well, here’s one: Hard Times is a fantastic read. For anyone who’s thought about getting into Charles Dickens’s works but is overwhelmed by the sheer volume of his novels, know that this one is not only his shortest but it is also his most poignant take on social justice. (OK, it’s almost 300 pages, but still.) While Dickens always crafts memorable characters, the boisterous, bombastic, and overblown Mr. Bounderby drives the action of the story and much of its humor. For those looking for a satirical take on captains of industry, the flaws of utilitarianism, and a deeply human story, this is one to pick up. - Wes, Project Manager Stoner by John Williams Page count: 278 Genre: Fiction Publish date: 2006 If works by Virginia Woolf feel thick with time, John Williams’s Stoner is the opposite: a graceful, quiet surface you skim over like ice, but with parts where you break through to the clear, cold depths of the water beneath- to Stoner’s interior. In these spaces, the book is transcendent. Stoner confronts his own legacy, which dissolves and yet is allowed to be redemptive in its impermanence. He lives, and he matters, even if he has no chance at immortality. Stoner is a moral novel, too, in its insistence that attention, self-knowledge, and commitment to love matter more deeply than almost anything else. Love, the novel asserts, is nothing less than â€Å"a human act of becoming, a condition that [i]s invented and modified moment by moment and day by day, by the will and the intelligence and the heart.† - Emma, Associate Editor Poems of the Sea edited by J. D. McClathy Page count: 256 Genre: Poetry Publish date: 2001 Ive been reading a poem a day from a great collection called Poems of the Sea. The collection includes great classics, from John Masefields Salt-water Ballads to Poes Annabel Lee. You cant help but catch â€Å"Sea-Fever,† as Masefield called it: â€Å"I must down to the seas again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  - Brad, Co-Founder Desert Solitaire by Edward Abbey Page count: 337 Genre: Nonfiction Publish date: 1985 Desert Solitaire by Edward Abbey is an autobiographical account of Abbeys tenure as a park ranger at Arches National Monument during the 1950s. Often hailed as the Thoreau of the Southwest, Abbey lovingly describes the desert landscapes of this region while also waxing philosophical about how modernity and industrialism divorces humankind from their natural surroundings. In some ways, the book reads like an elegy for this wilderness that is slowly being overtaken by motorized tourism and other commercial interests. In the era of climate change, I suppose it’s up to readers to determine whether or not Abbeys claims were prophetic. Sometimes his outlook can be hard to pin down, at times sounding more Marxist and at others more libertarian. Some of his arguments and language may also come across as problematic for modern audiences (e.g., there are hints of ableism at certain points). But the ways he evokes the tragedy of the commons and other environmental themes will resonate wi th plenty of readers who also long for whatever natural paradise they envision as the best escape from modern living and all of its woes. - Shane, Editorial Intern Dreyer’s English: An Utterly Correct Guide to Clarity and Style by Benjamin Dreyer Page count: 291 Genre: Nonfiction; reference Publish date: 2019 Random House copy chief Benjamin Dreyer is not only a mandatory Twitter follow, but hes also the writer of my favorite book I read in August, Dreyers English: An Utterly Correct Guide to Clarity and Style. Dreyer poured his sometimes-snarky wisdom, sharp insights, and real-world anecdotes into this handy style guide- an utterly readable delight from cover to cover. Dreyers English is great for anyone who writes anything (meaning: everyone). Heres a takeaway you can try today: his first challenge to his readers is to eliminate these words from your writing for one week: very rather really quite in fact just so pretty of course surely actually Ive since listed these on a sticky note on my computer and, if Im being honest, had to remove one â€Å"quite† and two â€Å"justs† from this draft. So, three points to Dreyer (four!). If you dont already, this book will make you fall in love with language, the semicolon and em dash, and, hopefully, Shirley Jackson. He might not love â€Å"surely,† but he sure loves Shirley- clearly his biggest writer-crush.   - Sam, Head of Marketing Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine by Gail Honeyman Page count: 327 Genre: Fiction Publish date: 2017 Realizing a bit too late that I had forgotten to pack a book for my flight, I haphazardly grabbed Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine from a used bookstore on my way to the airport. I didn’t expect to fall in love with it the way I did- it turned out to be quirky, dark, and surprisingly sentimental. Eleanor Oliphant is a shamelessly weird character. She cannot for the life of her seem to understand how social interactions are supposed to work, largely because she lives a life of relative isolation. Eleanor is deeply lonely, and she believes she is content with this until her coworker Raymond inadvertently shows her that happiness and human connection- concepts that she had unconsciously given up on long ago- are within her grasp.   Perhaps what I loved most about this book was the message that no one is beyond help. Eleanor seems like a hopeless basket case from the get-go, but by finally coming to terms with her past and mental health, she is finally able to begin the process of growing after so many years of living stagnantly. - Mary, Editorial Intern The Idiot by Elif Batuman Page count: 423 Genre: Fiction Publish date: 2017 This semi-autobiographical novels follows Selin, a young Turkish-American student arriving for her freshman year at Harvard University. Set in the mid-90s, the novel evokes nostalgia for life before social media, where email was complicated and connecting with people took effort. As Selin navigates through the inadequacies of language, the culture shock of college, and a dramatic first love, she realizes that her expectations of life away from home are vastly different from her reality.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I will warn you that this novel is not for everyone. The author crafts this coming-of-age narrative as a sort of diary with choppy, stream-of-consciousness anecdotes. However, there’s something undeniably charming about Selin’s dry wit and innocence that makes her perspective of the world humorous and relatable. Ultimately, The Idiot is an ode to the confusing yet exhilarating years of transitioning into your twenties and trying to not only figure out who you are, but who you want to be.  Ã‚  Ã‚   - Savannah, Social Media Manager Sea Monsters by Chloe Aridjis Page count: 205 Genre: Fiction Publish date: 2019 As summer comes to an end, I’d like to nominate Chloe Aridjis’s Sea Monsters as the ultimate beach-goth beach read. In this dreamlike short novel, Aridjis whisks us away to her own former stomping grounds in 1980s Mexico City and introduces us to her narrator, seventeen-year-old Luisa. Procrastinating on her college interviews, Luisa spends her time reading Baudelaire, contemplating shipwrecks, and hanging out at a goth club with those who, like her, â€Å"preferred European moonlight to the Mexican sun.† Her story takes a turn for the truly surreal when she decides to run away with a boy she barely knows and a handful of cassettes to a vacation spot called Zipolite- the Beach of the Dead. There, fantasy and reality begin to blur before becoming disentangled enough to allow for the kind of disillusionment we’ve all experienced with a person, a place, an idea. While I’ve seen some reviews noting that Sea Monsters doesn’t have much of a plot an d that Luisa’s introspections don’t seem to go anywhere particularly satisfying, I found the hazy, irresolute quality of the novel satisfying in itself. After all, do teenage musings and misadventures really have to go somewhere? Perhaps it’s enough that they happen at all- and that they have a great soundtrack. - Jules, Editor

Global Warming Overview and Causes

Global Warming Overview and Causes Global warming, the general increase in the earths near-surface air and ocean temperatures, remains a pressing issue in a society that has expanded its industrial use since the mid-twentieth century. Greenhouse gases, atmospheric gases that exist to keep our planet warm and prevent warmer air from leaving our planet, are enhanced by industrial processes. As human activity such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation increases, greenhouse gases such as Carbon Dioxide is released into the air. Normally, when heat enters the atmosphere, it is through short-wave radiation; a type of radiation that passes smoothly through our atmosphere. As this radiation heats the earths surface, it escapes the earth in the form of long-wave radiation; a type of radiation that is much more difficult to pass through the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere causes this long-wave radiation to increase. Thus, heat is trapped inside of our planet and creates a general warming effect. Scientific organizations around the world, including The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the InterAcademy Council, and over thirty others, have projected a significant change and future increase in these atmospheric temperatures. But what are the real causes and effects of global warming? What does this scientific evidence conclude in regards to our future? Causes of Global Warming Nylon and nitric acid production, the use of fertilizers in agriculture, and the burning of organic matter also release the greenhouse gas Nitrous Oxide. These are processes that have been expanded since the mid-twentieth century. Melting of the Polar Ice Caps Melting ice caps will desalinize the ocean and disrupt natural ocean currents. Since ocean currents regulate temperatures by bringing warmer currents into cooler regions and cooler currents into warmer regions, a halt in this activity may cause extreme climate changes, such as Western Europe experiencing a mini-ice age. Another important effect of melting ice caps lies in a changing albedo. Albedo is the ratio of the light reflected by any part of the earths surface or atmosphere. Since snow has one of the highest albedo levels, it reflects sunlight back into space, helping to keep the earth cooler. As it melts, more sunlight is absorbed by the earths atmosphere and the temperature tends to increase. This further contributes to global warming. Wildlife Habits/Adaptations Another example of changing wildlife adaptations involves the polar bear. The polar bear is now listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. Global warming has significantly reduced its sea ice habitat; as the ice melts, polar bears are stranded and often drown. With the continuous melting of ice, there will be fewer habitat opportunities and risk in the extinction of the species. Ocean Acidification/Coral Bleaching Since coral is very sensitive to increased water temperature over a long period of time, they lose their symbiotic algae, a type of algae that gives them coral color and nutrients. Losing these algae results in a white or bleached appearance, and is eventually fatal to the coral reef. Since hundreds of thousands of species thrive on coral as a natural habitat and means of food, coral bleaching is also fatal to the living organisms of the sea. Floods and Droughts and Global Warming Global warming has caused heavy rains in the United States due to warmer air having the ability to hold more water vapor than cooler air. Floods that have impacted the United States since 1993 alone have caused over $25 billion in losses. With increased floods and droughts, not only will our safety be affected, but also the economy. Population Risk and Unsustainable Development Similarly, climate change impinges on sustainable development. In developing Asian countries, a cyclic disaster occurs between productivity and global warming. Natural resources are needed for heavy industrialization and urbanization. Yet, this industrialization creates immense amounts of greenhouse gases, thus depleting the natural resources needed for further development of the country. Without finding a new and more efficient way to use energy, we will be depleted of our natural resources needed for our planet to thrive. Climate Policy Other U.S. and international policies, such as the Climate Change Science Program and the Climate Change Technology Program, have been reinstated with a comprehensive objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions through international cooperation. As the governments of our world continue to understand and acknowledge the threat of global warming to our livelihood, we are closer to reducing greenhouse gases to a manageable size. Personal Action This reduction can also be made by improving vehicle-fuel efficiency. Driving less than needed or buying a fuel-efficient car will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Although its a small change, many small changes will someday lead to a bigger change. Recycling whenever possible greatly reduces the energy needed to create new products. Whether it is aluminum cans, magazines, cardboard, or glass, finding the nearest recycling center will aid in the fight against global warming. Global Warming and The Road Ahead As global warming progresses, natural resources will be further depleted, and there will be risks of wildlife extinctions, melting of the polar ice caps, coral bleaching and disintegration, floods and droughts, disease, economic disaster, sea level rise, population risks, unsustainable land, and more. As we live in a world characterized by industrial progress and development aided by the help of our natural environment, we are also risking depletion of this natural environment and thus of our world as we know it. With a rational balance between protecting our environment and developing human technology, we will live in a world where we can simultaneously progress the capabilities of mankind with the beauty and necessity of our natural environment.